Post Temporary PostgreSQL server

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----
-title: "Temporary PostgreSQL server"
-description: "A simple shell script to run the PostgreSQL server off a temporary directory."
-published: 2020-06-02
----
-
-Sometimes I need to spin up a local PostgreSQL server for one-off purposes.
-In these cases, I don't particularly like to either configure PostgreSQL manually or use a pre-configured Docker image because I experience this as overkill and inaccessible respectively.
-Instead, I use the simple shell script below to run the PostgreSQL server off a temporary directory until I decide to `kill` it.
-The script is inspired by a [blog post](https://www.johbo.com/2017/on-demand-postgresql-for-your-development-environment.html) by Johannes Bornhold that reminded me of Unix' simplicity.
-
-The script essentially performs seven steps:
-
-* Create a temporary directory using `mktemp`
-* Initialize the directory using `initdb`
-* Serve the directory using `postgres`
-* Ensure the server is up using `pg_isready`
-* Create a database using `createdb`
-* Wait for a `SIGINT`
-* Remove the temporary directory
-
-Obviously, you still need to install PostgreSQL to use the script.
-However, you may use the [Nix package manager](https://nixos.org/nix/) to install PostgreSQL _on-the-fly_ and have it removed too, if you are into this.
-Simply put the following shebang in front of the script.
-
-```sh
-#! /usr/bin/env nix-shell
-#! nix-shell --pure --packages postgresql -i bash
-```
-
-Here is the full script with minimal error handling.
-
-```sh
-#! /bin/sh
-
-# temp_postgres runs a PostgreSQL server with a temporary data directory until
-# it receives a SIGINT.
-
-set -o nounset
-
-# Remove the temporary directory before exiting
-trap 'quit' INT
-quit() {
-  code="${1:-0}"
-  trap '' INT TERM
-  kill -TERM 0
-  wait
-  rm -rf "${tmpdir-}" || {
-    >&2 printf "temp_postgres: failed to remove temporary directory \"%s\"\\n" "${tmpdir}"
-    [ "${code}" -ne 0 ] || code=1
-  }
-  exit "${code}"
-}
-
-# Parse arguments
-[ $# -eq 2 ] || {
-  >&2 printf "temp_postgres: invalid arguments\\n"
-  printf "Usage: temp_postgres <dbname> <username>\\n"
-  quit 1
-}
-dbname="$1"
-username="$2"
-
-# Create a temporary directory
-tmpdir="$( mktemp --directory )" || {
-  >&2 printf "temp_postgres: failed to create temporary directory\\n"
-  quit 1
-}
-
-# Initialize the directory
-initdb --pgdata="${tmpdir}" --username="${username}" || {
-  >&2 printf "temp_postgres: failed to initialize database\\n"
-  quit 1
-}
-
-# Serve the directory
-( postgres -k "${tmpdir}" -D "${tmpdir}" </dev/null ) &
-
-# Test the connection
-sleep 1
-pg_isready --host="${tmpdir}" --dbname="postgres" --username="${username}" --timeout=10 || {
-  >&2 printf "temp_postgres: failed to connect to server\\n"
-  quit 1
-}
-
-# Create a database
-createdb --host="${tmpdir}" --username="${username}" --no-password "${dbname}" || {
-  >&2 printf "temp_postgres: failed to create database\\n"
-  quit 1
-}
-
-printf '
-Connect with the following command:
-
-\tpsql --host=localhost "%s" "%s"
-
-' "${dbname}" "${username}"
-
-wait
-```